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12-25

What are building floor area ratio, building density and greening rate?

Whataretheplotratio,greeningratio,andapportionedarearatio?Whatdoesthesizeofthesedatarepresent?  (1)Floorarearatioreferstotheratioofthetotalconstructionareawithintheplannedconstructionlandareaoftheprojecttotheplannedconstructionlandarea.Forexample,thereare100housesinacommunity,andtheconstructionareaofeachhouseis100squaremeters.Theplotoccupiesatotalareaof5000squaremeters,andtheplotratiooftheplotis2Thesmallertheplotratio,thehigherthecomfortoflifeintheplot;  (2)Thegreeningrateistheratioofthegreeningareatotheplannedconstructionlandareaoftheproject.Thehigherthegreeningrate,thehealthierthelivingenvironmentofthecommunitywillbe.  (3)Thesharearearatioistheratiooftheshareareatothetotalareaofthebuilding.Thesharearearatioofthehigh-risebuildingshouldbebetween24%-30%,whichnotonlyguaranteesthehumanizationofthepublicarea,butalsohasmoderatespaceforresidents.  Buyingahouseshouldbeinalivable,healthyandgreenenvironment,withalowfloorarearatio,ahighgreeningrate,andamoderateutilizationrate:thefloorarearatioshouldnotbehigherthan3.0,thegreenspacerateshouldbegreaterthan30%,andthehouseutilizationrateshouldbewithinBetween70%-84%.
12-25

Cable waterproof tips

Everyoneknowsthatwaterinthecableisaveryseriousproblem.Sometimesyouthinkthatyouhavedoneagoodwaterproofingmeasure,butthecableisstillgettingwater.Sohowdoesthecableenterthewater?Letmeintroducethereasonsandcountermeasuresforthecableentry.  1.Whenstoring:thenewlypurchasedpowercableissealedwithplasticsealingsleevesatbothends,butafterasectionisused,therestiswrappedinplasticpaperandtiedwitharope.Theairtightnessisnotgood.Watervaporwillseepintothecable.  2.Cablelaying:Whenthecableislaid,thecableheadwrappedinplasticpaperissometimesimmersedinwatertoallowwatertoenterthecable;whentowingandthreading,sometimestheoutersheathisbroken.  3.Afterlaying:Thecableheadisnotmadeintime,andtheunsealedcableportisexposedtotheairforalongtime,orevenimmersedinwater,sothatalargeamountofwatervaporentersthecable.  NowthatIknowthecauseofthecableingress,arethereanyrescuemeasures?Atpresent,asfarasIknow,thereisnoremedialmeasure,onlyprevention.Hereareafewsmallsuggestionsandmethodstopreventandreducethecableingress.  1.Thecableheadshouldbesealed.Thesawedcableend,whetheritisstackedorlaid,mustbesealedwithaspecialcableglandtopreventmoistureinfiltration.  2.Thecableheadshouldbemadeintimeafterthewireislaid.Strengthenthemanagementofthecableheadmanufacturingprocess.Oncethecableenterswater,thecableheadisoftenthefirsttobreakdown.Therefore,thecableheadcanbemadewelltoextendtheoveralllifeofthecable.  3.Forlongcables,usecablebranchboxesandseverallongcables,eachofwhichisaboutthreekilometersinlength.Forsuchcables,inadditiontointermediateconnectors,oneortwocablebranchboxesarealsoused.Onceoneofthecablesenterswater,Willnotspreadtoothersectionsofthecable.
12-25

During the 13th Five-Year Plan, the added value of the construction industry accounted for over 6.6% of GDP. Accelerating the industrialization of new buildings

Duringthe"ThirteenthFive-YearPlan"period,mycountry'sconstructionindustryhasaccelerateddevelopment,anditsroleasapillarindustryhascontinuedtoincrease.Theaddedvalueoftheconstructionindustryaccountedformorethan6.6%ofGDP.  Accordingtorelevantstatistics,mycountry'sconstructionlaborproductivityisonlyabouttwo-thirdsofthatofdevelopedcountries,andthedegreeofmechanization,informatization,andintelligenceintheconstructionindustryisnothigh.Nowadays,therehasbeenashortageofconstructionworkersintheconstructionindustry.Theyoungergenerationisunwillingtogotoconstructionsitestodo"heavy","rough"and"dirty"jobs.ThisforcestheconstructionindustrytoacceleratetheintegrationofinformationtechnologyandartificialintelligencetospeeduptheentireThetransformationandupgradingoftheindustry.  Theindustrializationofnewconstructionisanimportantdirectionforthetransformationandupgradingoftheconstructionindustryinthefuture.InAugustthisyear,ninedepartmentsincludingtheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentissuedthe"SeveralOpinionsonAcceleratingtheIndustrializationofNewBuildings."Theindustrializationofanewtypeofbuildingisdrivenbyanewgenerationofinformationtechnology,usingsystematicintegrateddesignandleanproductionandconstructionthroughoutthelifeoftheproject,integratingtheentireindustrialchain,valuechain,andinnovationchainoftheprojecttoachievehigh-efficiency,high-quality,andIndustrializationoflow-consumption,low-emissionbuildings.  WenLinfeng,deputydirectoroftheScienceandTechnologyandIndustrializationDevelopmentCenteroftheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopment,saidthatthedevelopmentofnewbuildingindustrializationcancompletelytransformthepreviouscompetitivemodeloflowconstructiontechnology,lowtechnologycontent,andpurelaborcost,andindustrializeproductionandconstruction.Theprocessiscloselyintegratedwithinformatization,applyingalargenumberofnewtechnologies,newmaterials,andnewequipment,emphasizingscientificandtechnologicalprogressandmanagementmodelinnovation,focusingonimprovingthequalityofworkers,andbuildingcorporatebrandandimagetoformthecorecompetitivenessandfirstmoverAdvantage.  Thecoordinateddevelopmentofintelligentconstructionandconstructionindustrializationwillbeanimportantbreakthroughforthetransformationandupgradingoftheconstructionindustry.TheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentproposedthatin2021,itwillcontinuetopromotethecoordinateddevelopmentofsmartconstructionandtheindustrializationofnewbuildings.Vigorouslydevelopdigitaldesign,intelligentproduction,intelligentconstructionandintelligentoperationandmaintenance,acceleratethedevelopmentandapplicationofbuildinginformationmodeling(BIM)technology,buildanInternetplatformfortheconstructionindustry,improvetheintelligentconstructionstandardsystem,andpromotethedevelopmentanddevelopmentofautomatedconstructionmachinery,constructionrobotsandotherequipmentApplication,carryoutsmartconstructionpilot.
12-25

How to classify the construction industry

Accordingtothenatureofbuildinguse,itcanbedividedintocivilbuildings,industrialbuildingsandagriculturalbuildings.  1,civilbuildings  Accordingtotheheightandnumberoffloorsofcivilbuildings,itcanbedividedintosingle,multi-storeycivilbuildingsandhigh-risecivilbuildings.  High-risecivilbuildingscanbedividedintooneandtwotypesaccordingtotheirbuildingheight,usefunctionandfloorarea.  2,industrialbuilding  3,agriculturalbuildings  Residentialbuildingsrefertobuildingsusedforshort-termorlong-termresidenceofsinglesorfamilymembers.(Note:Dormitoriesandapartmentsarepublicbuildings)  Publicbuildingsrefertobuildingsforpeopletoconductvariouspublicactivities,includingeducation,office,scientificresearch,culture,commerce,services,sports,medicalcare,transportation,memorials,gardens,comprehensivebuildings,etc.
12-25

Prefabricated building is a technological innovation in the construction industry.

1.Reducedisputes  Traditionally,architectsandownersdiscussarchitecturaldesignschemesonthedesigndrawings,whichmaycauseblindspotsincommunicationandunderstanding.Asforthethree-dimensionalinformationmodelgeneratedbyBIM,alldesignconditionsareparameterized.Thecontentoftheparametersformsanotheralternative.Thearchitectandtheownercanhaveathoroughdiscussionandselectthemostsuitabledesignplan.Thepositionofthetwopartieswillbechangedfromconfrontationtocollaboration.Thecommunicationbecomesclearerandmoretransparent,reducingthedesignplaninthemid-term.Theopportunitytomodifyorreversethecase.  2,thespanofworkarea  Theworkcontentinthepastisalwaysclearlydivided.Theworkcontentbetweenarchitectsandcivilengineersisclearlydivided,anddiscussionsarealwayscarriedoutafterastage.Itisimpossibletodiscusschangesanytimeandanywhere,anditisnoteasytodistinguishtheinterfacebetweeneachother.Asaresult,itispossiblethatboththearchitect'sdrawingandthestructuralengineer'sdrawingarecorrect,butafterputtingthemtogether,theycannotbecombined,andittakesalotoftimetomodify.ButiftheconceptofBIMisused,architectsandcivilengineerscancommunicateonthesameplatform,usethesamemodel,usethesamelanguage,andconducttwo-waydiscussions.Thiskindofworkislikeateamandcanachievegoodresults.Communication,theinterfaceoverlapsbetweendisciplinesareclearlyconnected,reducingtheconflictofdesigncontent.  3,buildinginformationintegrationisconsistent  Inthepast,therewasalargeamountofdata.Variousfloorplans,elevations,structuraldrawings,etc.wereallindifferentfiles.Ifyouwanttomodify,alwaysmodifythefilesseparately,andtheremaystillbesomeslighterrorsafterthemodification.Thecorrectnessofthedrawingscanbeensured,butifthebuildinginformationmodelisused,alltheinformationisinthesamemodel.Ifthereisadesignchange,alltheinformationwillbechangedautomaticallyfollowingthechanges.Variousfloorplans,elevations,andThestructuraldrawingswillalsobechangedtogether,sothatthereisnoneedtocorrectthemonebyone,savingalotofcommunicationandcorrectiontime,andofcoursereducingthepossibilityoferrorsandomissions.  4,real-timeinformationupdate  Withthisinterface,itismoreconvenienttoupdatetheinformation.Thesupervisionunitcandirectlyusetheipadormobilephonetocomparewhethertheprojecthasbeenconstructedaccordingtothedrawings.Ifthereisanyincompatibility,markitimmediately,andtheentiremessagewillbetransmitted.IntheintegratedinterfaceofBIM,thestructuralengineercheckswhetheritaffectsthesafetyofthebuildingandconsiderswhethertochangethedesign,whichreducesthecommunicationtime.Traditionally,ifthereisanerrorinthecheck,thestructuralengineerhastoaskthestructuralengineerwiththeconstructiondrawing.Andmakeamarkonthedrawing,butalsotodiscusswhethertomodifythedesign,ifnecessary,mayalsofindanarchitect,theprocessisquitetrivial,whichshowstheimportanceoftheplatform.  5.Resolveuncleardeadspots  Inthepast,two-dimensionalgraphicswereusedtodescribedesigndrawings.Somevisualblindspotsaredifficulttocommunicateorevencausemisunderstandings,resultingininconsistenciesbetweenthesiteanddrawingsafterconstruction.IfBIMthree-dimensionalbuildinginformationmodelsareusedinthearchitecturaldesignprocess,thethree-dimensionalspacecanbeclearInterpretthedesigndrawingstoreducemisunderstandingsoncommunication,andeasilydetectconflictingsectionsinthedesigntime,suchaspipelineconflicts,steelreinforcementconflicts,etc.,andimprovethemsothatproblemsarenotdiscovereduntilafterconstruction,andresponsibilitiescanbeclarified.
12-25

Analysis on the management of information engineering in construction industry

Abstract:Whilethedomesticconstructionindustrycontinuestogrow,thedevelopmentoftheconstructionindustryisshowingacleartrendofscale.Withtheadventoftheinformationage,informationmanagementmodelshavegraduallybeenwidelyusedinmajorindustries,andtheconstructionindustryisnoexception.Althoughtheapplicationofinformationmanagementintheconstructionindustryhasachievedcertainresults,therearestillmanyproblems,whichhaveagreaterimpactontheimprovementofprojectmanagement.Therefore,thearticlestartswiththeinformationmanagementofconstructionengineering,analyzestheproblemsofinformationmanagement,andfinallyproposesrelevantsolutions.  Keywords:informationmanagement;constructionengineering;managementlevel  Introduction  Theconstructionindustryplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofthenationaleconomy.Withtheadventoftheinformationage,inordertobetterintegratewiththedevelopmentoftheconstructionindustry,itisnecessarytoapplyinformationtechnology,carryoutinformationmanagementinactualprojectmanagement,anduseinformationtechnologytohelpimproveManageworkefficiencyandconstructionquality,andultimatelypromotethecontinuousdevelopmentoftheconstructionindustry.  1Themainsignificanceofinformationmanagementinconstructionprojects  1.1Comprehensivelyimprovetheleveloftheconstructionindustry  Inthedevelopmentofthetraditionalconstructionindustry,largemanpowerandmaterialresourcesareoftenrequiredduringtheperiodofprojectinformationanalysisandmanagement,whichwillnotonlyincreaseprojectcostconsumption,butalsoaffectprojectmanagementefficiency.However,therationalapplicationofinformationtechnologycanquicklycollectandorganizeprojectconstructioninformation,andthenrationalizeandstoretheprojectinformation,therebycontinuouslyimprovingthelevelofconstructionprojectmanagement.  1.2Reasonablyoptimizetheconstructionprocess  Inthedevelopmentofconstructionprojects,strengtheningtheapplicationofinformationtechnologycanfullyoptimizetheconstructionprocess,sothattheconstructionoftheprojectcanmoveinthedirectionofnormsandstandards,andtheconstructionresourcescanberationallyallocatedtoeffectivelyensurethequalityoftheconstruction.  1.3Reasonablyavoidcorporaterisks  Intheimplementationofconstructionprojects,therearehiddenrisksinmanylinks.Iftheseaspectsarenotstandardizedandmanagedtoreasonablyavoidrelatedrisks,itwillbringcertaineconomicriskstoconstructionenterprises.Therationalapplicationofinformationtechnologyinconstructionprojectmanagementcaneffectivelyavoidtheabove-mentionedrisks,ensuretheeffectiveprogressofvariouslinks,andcontinuouslyimprovetheeconomicbenefitsofconstructionenterprises.  2Problemsintheinformationmanagementofconstructionprojects  2.1Lackofinformationmanagementawareness  Manycurrentconstructioncompanieshavebackwardmanagementmodels.Thesingleorganizationalstructureofconstructioncompaniesisveryobvious.Generallyspeaking,thepersoninchargeofconstructionprojectmanagementistheleaderofthecompany,butinsomesmall-scaleconstructioncompanies,farmersincludesomefamilies.Inenterprises,themanagementpositionsaredirectlyheldbyfamilyrelatives,sothemanagementlevelisoftenlow.Manymanagershavelowoverallqualityandloweducationallevel,andfailtofullyunderstandtheroleofinformationmanagementinconstructionprojects,whichmakesitdifficultforinformationmanagementtogivefullplaytoitsactualeffects.  2.2Incompleteinformationmanagementmechanism  Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofurbanconstruction,themarketcompetitioninvariousindustriesisincreasing,andtheconstructionindustryisnoexception.Therefore,someconstructioncompanieshavenotimetoconsidertheestablishmentofinformationmanagementmechanisms.Someconstructioncompaniesapplyinformatizationmanagementmodelsinatimelymanner,andmoreoftencarryoutsurfaceinformatizationmanagement,andhavenotestablishedacompletemanagementsystem.Therefore,whencompaniesimplementmanagementpolicies,theyoftendonotgetthebestmanagementresults.Inaddition,whenaproblemoccurs,itisdifficulttosolvetheproblemquicklyandefficientlybyusingthisunsoundinformationmanagementsystem.Atthesametime,itwillalsohaveacertainnegativeimpactonthedevelopmentandconstructionofconstructionenterprises.  2.3Incompleteinformationmanagementsystem  Atpresent,mostdomesticconstructioncompaniesstillfailtorealizethevalueofinformationmanagementinconstructioncompanies,sopeopleoftenignoreinformationmanagement,nottomentionthecontinuousimprovementofinformationmanagementsystems.Therefore,thecurrentinformationinmanyconstructioncompaniesThemanagementsystemisnotperfect,andtheinformationmanagementhasobviousdefects.Specifically,itmainlyshowsthatthemanagementworklacksacertaindegreeofstandardizationandscientificity,andtheinformationmanagementworkcanonlybeappliedtopartialprojectmanagement,anditisdifficulttoachievecomprehensiveinformationmanagement.  2.4Lackofinformationmanagementtalents  Duringtheperiodofactiveinformationmanagementintheconstructionindustry,duetothelackofprofessionalinformationmanagementtalents,itisdifficulttoachievethedesiredinformationmanagementresults.Duringtheprojectmanagementperiodofsomeconstructioncompanies,althoughinformationmanagementi
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